在本文中，我们介绍了基于差异驱动器快照机器人和模拟的用户研究的基于倾斜的控制的实现，目的是将相同的功能带入真正的远程介绍机器人。参与者使用平衡板来控制机器人，并通过头部安装的显示器查看了虚拟环境。使用平衡板作为控制装置的主要动机源于虚拟现实（VR）疾病；即使是您自己的身体与屏幕上看到的动作相匹配的小动作也降低了视力和前庭器官之间的感觉冲突，这是大多数关于VR疾病发作的理论的核心。为了检验平衡委员会作为控制方法的假设比使用操纵杆要少可恶意，我们设计了一个用户研究（n = 32，15名女性），参与者在虚拟环境中驾驶模拟差异驱动器机器人， Nintendo Wii平衡板或操纵杆。但是，我们的预注册的主要假设不得到支持。操纵杆并没有使参与者引起更多的VR疾病，而委员会在统计学上的主观和客观性上都更加难以使用。分析开放式问题表明这些结果可能是有联系的，这意味着使用的困难似乎会影响疾病。即使在测试之前的无限训练时间也没有像熟悉的操纵杆那样容易使用。因此，使董事会更易于使用是启用其潜力的关键。我们为这个目标提供了一些可能性。

本文考虑了使用户能够修改远程介绍机器人的路径的问题。该机器人能够自动导航到用户预定的目标，但是用户可能仍然希望修改路径，例如，远离其他人，或者更靠近她想在途中看到的地标。我们提出了人类影响的动态窗口方法（HI-DWA），这是一种基于动态窗口方法（DWA）的远程置换机器人的共享控制方法，该方法允许用户影响给予机器人的控制输入。为了验证所提出的方法，我们在虚拟现实（VR）中进行了用户研究（n = 32），以将HI-DWA与自主导航和手动控制之间的切换进行比较，以控制在虚拟环境中移动的模拟远程机器人。结果表明，用户使用HI-DWA控制器更快地实现了目标，并发现更容易使用。两种方法之间的偏好平均分配。定性分析表明，首选两种模式之间切换的参与者的主要原因是控制感。我们还分析了不同输入方法，操纵杆和手势，对偏好和感知工作量的影响。

我们建议展开沉浸式远程呈现机器人的用户所经历的轮换，以改善用户的舒适度并减少VR疾病。通过沉浸式远程呈现，我们指的是移动机器人顶部的360 \ TextDegree〜相机的情况将视频和音频流入遥远用户遥远的远程用户佩戴的头戴式展示中。因此，它使得用户能够在机器人的位置处存在，通过转动头部并与机器人附近的人进行通信。通过展开相机框架的旋转，当机器人旋转时，用户的观点不会改变。用户只能通过在其本地设置中物理旋转来改变她的观点;由于没有相应的前庭刺激的视觉旋转是VR疾病的主要来源，预计用户的物理旋转将减少VR疾病。我们实现了展开遍历虚拟环境的模拟机器人的旋转，并将用户学习（n = 34）进行比较，将展开旋转与机器人转弯时的ViewPoint转向。我们的研究结果表明，用户发现更优选且舒适的展开转动，并降低了他们的VR疾病水平。我们还进一步提出了关于用户路径集成功能，观看方向和机器人速度和距离的主观观察到模拟人员和对象的结果。

Accurate determination of a small molecule candidate (ligand) binding pose in its target protein pocket is important for computer-aided drug discovery. Typical rigid-body docking methods ignore the pocket flexibility of protein, while the more accurate pose generation using molecular dynamics is hindered by slow protein dynamics. We develop a tiered tensor transform (3T) algorithm to rapidly generate diverse protein-ligand complex conformations for both pose and affinity estimation in drug screening, requiring neither machine learning training nor lengthy dynamics computation, while maintaining both coarse-grain-like coordinated protein dynamics and atomistic-level details of the complex pocket. The 3T conformation structures we generate are closer to experimental co-crystal structures than those generated by docking software, and more importantly achieve significantly higher accuracy in active ligand classification than traditional ensemble docking using hundreds of experimental protein conformations. 3T structure transformation is decoupled from the system physics, making future usage in other computational scientific domains possible.

Variational autoencoders model high-dimensional data by positing low-dimensional latent variables that are mapped through a flexible distribution parametrized by a neural network. Unfortunately, variational autoencoders often suffer from posterior collapse: the posterior of the latent variables is equal to its prior, rendering the variational autoencoder useless as a means to produce meaningful representations. Existing approaches to posterior collapse often attribute it to the use of neural networks or optimization issues due to variational approximation. In this paper, we consider posterior collapse as a problem of latent variable non-identifiability. We prove that the posterior collapses if and only if the latent variables are non-identifiable in the generative model. This fact implies that posterior collapse is not a phenomenon specific to the use of flexible distributions or approximate inference. Rather, it can occur in classical probabilistic models even with exact inference, which we also demonstrate. Based on these results, we propose a class of latent-identifiable variational autoencoders, deep generative models which enforce identifiability without sacrificing flexibility. This model class resolves the problem of latent variable non-identifiability by leveraging bijective Brenier maps and parameterizing them with input convex neural networks, without special variational inference objectives or optimization tricks. Across synthetic and real datasets, latent-identifiable variational autoencoders outperform existing methods in mitigating posterior collapse and providing meaningful representations of the data.

Differentiable Architecture Search (DARTS) has attracted considerable attention as a gradient-based Neural Architecture Search (NAS) method. Since the introduction of DARTS, there has been little work done on adapting the action space based on state-of-art architecture design principles for CNNs. In this work, we aim to address this gap by incrementally augmenting the DARTS search space with micro-design changes inspired by ConvNeXt and studying the trade-off between accuracy, evaluation layer count, and computational cost. To this end, we introduce the Pseudo-Inverted Bottleneck conv block intending to reduce the computational footprint of the inverted bottleneck block proposed in ConvNeXt. Our proposed architecture is much less sensitive to evaluation layer count and outperforms a DARTS network with similar size significantly, at layer counts as small as 2. Furthermore, with less layers, not only does it achieve higher accuracy with lower GMACs and parameter count, GradCAM comparisons show that our network is able to better detect distinctive features of target objects compared to DARTS.

Deep learning techniques with neural networks have been used effectively in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to obtain solutions to nonlinear differential equations. This paper presents a physics-informed neural network (PINN) approach to solve the Blasius function. This method eliminates the process of changing the non-linear differential equation to an initial value problem. Also, it tackles the convergence issue arising in the conventional series solution. It is seen that this method produces results that are at par with the numerical and conventional methods. The solution is extended to the negative axis to show that PINNs capture the singularity of the function at $\eta=-5.69$

The Government of Kerala had increased the frequency of supply of free food kits owing to the pandemic, however, these items were static and not indicative of the personal preferences of the consumers. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of various clustering techniques on a scaled-down version of a real-world dataset obtained through a conjoint analysis-based survey. Clustering carried out by centroid-based methods such as k means is analyzed and the results are plotted along with SVD, and finally, a conclusion is reached as to which among the two is better. Once the clusters have been formulated, commodities are also decided upon for each cluster. Also, clustering is further enhanced by reassignment, based on a specific cluster loss threshold. Thus, the most efficacious clustering technique for designing a food kit tailored to the needs of individuals is finally obtained.

Learning efficient and interpretable policies has been a challenging task in reinforcement learning (RL), particularly in the visual RL setting with complex scenes. While neural networks have achieved competitive performance, the resulting policies are often over-parameterized black boxes that are difficult to interpret and deploy efficiently. More recent symbolic RL frameworks have shown that high-level domain-specific programming logic can be designed to handle both policy learning and symbolic planning. However, these approaches rely on coded primitives with little feature learning, and when applied to high-dimensional visual scenes, they can suffer from scalability issues and perform poorly when images have complex object interactions. To address these challenges, we propose \textit{Differentiable Symbolic Expression Search} (DiffSES), a novel symbolic learning approach that discovers discrete symbolic policies using partially differentiable optimization. By using object-level abstractions instead of raw pixel-level inputs, DiffSES is able to leverage the simplicity and scalability advantages of symbolic expressions, while also incorporating the strengths of neural networks for feature learning and optimization. Our experiments demonstrate that DiffSES is able to generate symbolic policies that are simpler and more and scalable than state-of-the-art symbolic RL methods, with a reduced amount of symbolic prior knowledge.

Tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) is a prognostic factor for many types of solid tumors. In this study, we propose a method for automated estimation of TSR from histopathological images of colorectal cancer. The method is based on convolutional neural networks which were trained to classify colorectal cancer tissue in hematoxylin-eosin stained samples into three classes: stroma, tumor and other. The models were trained using a data set that consists of 1343 whole slide images. Three different training setups were applied with a transfer learning approach using domain-specific data i.e. an external colorectal cancer histopathological data set. The three most accurate models were chosen as a classifier, TSR values were predicted and the results were compared to a visual TSR estimation made by a pathologist. The results suggest that classification accuracy does not improve when domain-specific data are used in the pre-training of the convolutional neural network models in the task at hand. Classification accuracy for stroma, tumor and other reached 96.1$\%$ on an independent test set. Among the three classes the best model gained the highest accuracy (99.3$\%$) for class tumor. When TSR was predicted with the best model, the correlation between the predicted values and values estimated by an experienced pathologist was 0.57. Further research is needed to study associations between computationally predicted TSR values and other clinicopathological factors of colorectal cancer and the overall survival of the patients.